Venezuela-Jenna

HDI Rank__** .792 (74th out of 177) Male: 71.49 years Female: 77.81 years
 * __ DEVELOPMENT
 * __GDP__** $6,900 (per capita)
 * __Primary Sector Jobs__** Field workers, oil workers, sanitation, fishing
 * __Secondary Sector Jobs__** Oil workers, food processors, vehicle assemblers, clothing manufacturers, Construction workers
 * __Tertiary Sector Jobs__** Steel mill owners, farm owners, construction architects, Factory owners, doctors, public administrators, school teachers
 * __Raw Materials__** Petroleum, natural gas, iron ore, gold, bauxite, hydropower, diamonds, corn
 * __Consumer Goods__** Petroleum, construction materials, food processing, textiles, steel, aluminum, vehicles, liquor, electronics
 * __Education__** Standard of education in Venezuela is among the highest in the region. It has over 90 institutions of higher education.
 * __Literacy__** 93.4%
 * __Life Expectancy__** Total: 74.54 years
 * __Infant Mortality Rate__** 21.54 Deaths/1,000 births
 * __Natural Increase Rate__** 1.38%
 * __Crude Birth Rate__** 18.71 births/1,000 population
 * __GDI Rank and other factors__** 68th—Females are equally educated as males. About 50-59% of women hold jobs as professional and technical workers. However, females’ income is about 50% lower than males.

Petroleum, construction materials, food processing, textiles, steel, aluminum, motor vehicle assembly, iron ore mining Moderate wages, skilled workers, cheap land, high electrical rates, capital Airports, railways, roadways, waterways (Orinoco River & Maracaibo), trucks
 * __ INDUSTRY __**
 * __Types of industry__**
 * __Site factors for industry__**
 * __Situational Factors for industry__**

Crude oil and natural gas liquids, fossil fuels, nuclear energy, hydroelectric, renewables (biomass, geothermal, solar, wind) Oil causes much pollution in rivers, lakes, etc. Production constantly changes and causes dramatic increases in the prices Sewage pollution of Lago de Valencia, oil and urban pollution of Lago de Maracaibo, urban and industrial pollution, deforestation, ship pollution Government is regulating and monitoring industrial and vehicular pollution in main urban areas. Also it is trying to convince oil companies to closely monitor the whereabout of their oil.
 * __ RESOURCES __**
 * __Types of energy used__**
 * __Problems associated with energy__**
 * __Pollution issues__**
 * __What Venezuela is doing to stave off pollution__**

**__ COUNTRY COMPARISONS __**           Japan has several differences from Venezuela because it is considered a more developed country. Japan’s HDI score is .953, which means its rank is very high (8th out of 177). However, Venezuela is lower on the ranking (74th out of 177) with a score of .792. Also, Japan’s GDP is $31,100 per capita; whereas Venezuela’s GDP is only $6,900 per capita. A final factor between the two countries is literacy rate. The literacy rate in both countries is very high, however Japan’s is still higher with 99%, compared to Venezuela at 93.4%.   Nigeria is a very poor country. There total population life expectancy is only about 47 years; whereas, the total population life expectancy for Venezuela is about 74 years. Venezuela is not necessarily a developed country but it is definitely more developed compared to Nigeria. Additionally, there is a great contrast between the HDIs of the two countries. Nigeria is ranked 158th and Venezuela is 74th out of the 177 countries. One similarity that Nigeria and Venezuela share is the constant pollution issues with oil. Consequently, the government in each country is trying to make oil companies conscious about the whereabouts of their oil in order to lessen the oil pollution issue. France is also a very developed country. It has a literacy rate of 99%, while Venezuela has a literacy rate of 93.4%. Additionally, France is the second largest producer of nuclear energy in the world and 39% of their energy is dependent on nuclear energy. Venezuela is a large producer of oil. Finally, France's GDP per capita is $30,368 while Venezuela’s is only $6,900. 

**__OVERALL EVALUATION OF VENEZUELA__** Venezuela is considered to be a less developed country. Its HDI ranking is 74th out of 177 countries with a score of only .792 (1.0 being the best). Additionally, Venezuela’s GDP is only $6,900 per capita. About 30% of GDP is made up by the oil revenues. Venezuela is highly dependent on oil revenues, and along with the GDP, their oil profits also account for roughly 90% of export earnings and more than 50% of the federal budget revenues. Venezuela faces a constant issue with oil pollution, along with urban pollution. It is one of the most urbanized countries within Latin America. With so much pollution in the cities, several of the people are unhealthy due to the sanitary issues. This pollution causes many illnesses and diseases. Consequently, infant mortality rate stands at 21.5 deaths/1,000 births. Additionally the total population life expectancy is estimated around 74 years. Despite the pollution issues, Venezuela has very sufficient education. The literacy rate for Venezuela is 93.4%. The standard of education in Venezuela is among one of the highest in the region. The government is committed to the idea that every citizen is entitled to a free education. They have over 90 institutions of higher education. Overall, Venezuela is a developing country with several advantages, as well as disadvantages. **__VENEZUELA IN 50 YEARS__** I believe in 50 years Venezuela will be more developed. Due to the stress on education, the people will have more knowledge, which will enable them to apply for higher ranking jobs. They could have more tertiary workers, which will create a greater income. Additionally, they have an abundant supply of oil. Oil is a very important resource for people worldwide; therefore, the export earnings are considerably high, creating more profits. With such an increase in the economy, the government can easily make efforts to stave off urban pollution and also invest money to help cure the diseases that have been spreading. By decreasing the pollution in urban areas, the overall health of Venezuelans will be improved which would increase the life expectancy and infant mortality rate. In conclusion, I believe that Venezuela has the potential to be a more developed country and will attain that achievement 50 years from now.

__Resources Used:__

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venezuela  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Education_in_Venezuela   [|EnergyandResouces/Venezuela]

http://www.mapsofworld.com/venezuela/education/index.html

http://hdrstats.undp.org/countries/country_fact_sheets/cty_fs_VEN.html


 * I also used our book--> An Introduction to Human Geography_The Cultural Landscape -James M. Rubenstein