India-Kaitlyn+Brosie


 * Development**

India does try to follow a system of education for the country. Most of the students are taught in a form of rote learning in which the students memorize everything instead of actually learning the information. India does try and make special efforts for girls to have an opportunity to learn however the enrollment is less than that of males going to school. The student to teacher ratio is about 40 students for every teacher. Women in the country are not treated as equals; in general more males attend higher education and seek job opportunities, whereas females tend to be illiterate. The life expectancy for the total population is close to 70 years of age. So the country is starting to become developed but, with the growing population it is hard to become stable.
 * HDI Rank** #128; 0.619
 * GDP per capita** $2,700
 * Primary Sector Jobs** agriculture, forestry, livestock, miner, fishery
 * Secondary Sector Jobs** telemarketer, manufacturers, ship building, construction and maintenance repairs
 * Tertiary Sector Jobs** teacher, engineers, scientists, accounting, doctors, government employees
 * Raw Materials** coal, steel, cotton, iron ore and coking coal
 * Consumer Goods** electronics, clothing, shoes, table linens, computers, soap, shampoo, ceramics, curtains, and bed linens
 * Education**
 * Literacy** 61 %
 * Life Expectancy** male 66.28, female 71.17, and total 68.59
 * Infant Mortality Rate** 34.61/1000
 * Natural Increase Rate** 16.38/1000
 * Crude Birth Rate** 22.69/1000
 * GDI Rank and the factors that influence the ranking:** #96; .591


 * Industry**

Textiles, chemicals, food processing, software, and transportation equipment
 * Types of industry found in the country**

Cheap labor, large population able to work in industries (secondary jobs), during the past years cost of land has increased, increase in energy costs, poor education systems
 * Site factors for industry**

Surrounded by majority of water-allows for easy imports and exports, cotton is grown which is a major input for textile and clothing industry, tariffs, well off with transportation systems-trains and decent highways and poor communication systems
 * Situational factors for industry**


 * Resources**

The major energy source used in India is coal. Oil is imported but it is becoming more expensive. Wind power is starting to become a more popular choice throughout India.
 * Types of energy used by the country**

Since coal is a major energy source and is a major polluter. The air pollution is not as bad as China. However, it is one of the leading countries with air pollution.
 * Problems associated with energy in the country**

India is having a problem with deforestation because of the high demand of raw material goods; also India is facing air pollution problems because of the major factories, the use of many cars, and coal. Also, 70 percent of the water used in India is polluted. From either the pesticides or chemicals used on the land
 * Pollution issues**

India is trying to use more windmills for energy in the country as of now and they are also going to try and use solar energy. The government was also trying to make it easier to have more public transportation systems so pollution from the cars could be lessoned.
 * What your country is doing to stave off pollution**

http://hdr.undp.org/en/statistics/ https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/index.html http://hdrstats.undp.org/countries/data_sheets/cty_ds_IND.html http://www.csa.com/discoveryguides/india/review5.php http://knowledge.allianz.com http://www.financialexpress.com http://www.indianrealtynews.com/category/property-prices/ http://www.genderandtrade.org

Kaitlyn Brosie Summary April 17, 2008 India India is generally considered to be a less developed country. The HDI rank is #128 with a number of 0.619. A majority of the population in this country has some type of primary job (a number of people live off of farming). India is trying to become a more developed country; however, with the population growing rapidly, the developmental process is hindered due to the great needs of many people. Nevertheless, India’s growth and development is better many other countries around the world. The educational system in India has a teacher to student ratio of about one to forty. The students, while in grade school, are taught by rote learning. The students memorize information through repetition and drill. If further education is required for a job, students have the opportunity to attend post high school education. The literacy rate in India is 61%, thus there is a basis and an opportunity to learn. Similarly to other countries, India has concerns with pollution and energy issues. In past years, India has relied primarily on coal. However, while coal may be a good energy source, it is dirty and releases much pollution into the air. On top of the coal being distributed into the environment, the number of factories and cars on the road also contribute to the air pollution. In general, the quality of drinking water is not great. Chemicals from the farms and poor sewage systems add to the water pollution in the country. India is trying to remedy the pollution issues. For instance, in lieu of coal as a primary energy source, the country is building windmills on large pieces of land. Governmental and environmental groups were also talking about utilizing more solar energy in the future. Next, the life expectancy rate is approximately seventy years of age. Although the infant mortality rate is 34.61/1000 and the crude birth rate is 16.38/1000, both of which are high compared to more developed countries. So while India is a less developed country; it appears to be trying to work toward becoming a more developed country addressing its concerns regarding pollution and an educational system. About fifty years from now, India may be more developed than they are currently, but not to the point of other developed countries (such as the United Kingdom). It appears that while India has started to show an increased concern for the pollution issues they will continue to work toward greater advancement in remedying its problem. In the future, there may be a larger number of windmills or a greater use of solar energy. The educational system will in all likely-hood improve from its current status. Since there is already an education system and the goal is 100% literacy it makes sense that the country would try to continue improving their program. Also, many of the American companies and businesses are being outsourced to other countries for cheaper labor and land. India has a large enough population in need of work who are willing to work for lower wages. As more countries outsource to India, this allows an improved economy and guides the country in becoming more developed. However, even though the country has conditions fit for improvement, the most challenging issue will be that of its rapidly growing population. With the population’s rapid expansion, issues such as pollution and education may be side stepped in order to meet basic necessities first. This is a possibility for India in the next fifty years.

India compared to the rest of the world. ..

India is a less developed country with a HDI of 0.619, ranking at number 128. Overall the country is better off than other Less Developed Countries but there is room for improvement when compared to More Developed Countries; for instance, when comparing India to a more developed country such as Spain or the United Kingdom India appears as if it is a country just starting the development process. Although there may be major differences between these countries, similarities still appear. Starting off with Spain, a more developed country with a HDI of .949 and is ranked #13. Spain and India both have similar consumer goods and raw materials such as coal and cotton. Both countries have problems with air pollution and water quality (chemicals and poor sewage systems). Cheap land and labor may also be found in both Spain and India. On the other hand some differences would include differences in education programs. Spain has a 97.9% literacy rate- much better than India’s 61% literacy rate. Spain also has a lower infant mortality rate and higher life expectancy rate. One may infer that Spain has better health care and medical treatments compared to India. Lastly the GDI in Spain is much higher than India’s. One facet this may show is that the women in Spain may be treated more equal to their male counterparts in the areas of education and employment, than the women in India. This is how Spain and India may be similar yet very different. Next, the United Kingdom, this country has a HDI of .946 and is ranked number 18, a more developed country. These two countries have similar primary jobs (that goes for most countries). The United Kingdom has migrant workers entering the country who are willing to work for fewer wages; while India has citizens who work for lower wages. Pollution issues such as air and water in general are also similarities between the United Kingdom and India. The differences between these two countries are that the Gender-related Development Index is very different in both countries. The GDI of the UK is .949 and 50% of women are in the work force. While there are not as great a percentage of women in India holding tertiary jobs. There is also a large gap between the HDI rankings. India is 0.619 and the United Kingdom is 0.946. This shows that the United Kingdom is far ahead of India in terms of being developed. This could mean that in the UK more tertiary jobs are found than primary jobs. The health and welfare of the country could be better off, and more technology could be found in the UK over India. Finally, the educational system is better in the United Kingdom with a 99% literacy rate. While India has a basic education system, when it is compared to the United Kingdom it has a ways to go in becoming perfected. These are a few of the similarities and differences between the United Kingdom and India. After looking at two more developed countries, India represents itself as a fairly well developed when being compared to Ethiopia. Ethiopia, another less developed country, has a HDI of 0.406 and is ranked number 169. One of the similarities between these two countries is they tend to have more primary jobs than tertiary jobs. Also, Ethiopia and India share similar site factors. Both utilize cheap labor and land prices are cheap land allowing businesses, if necessary, to save money. Another similarity is that the major energy source in Ethiopia is hydropower. India is currently trying to move towards utilizing hydropower as an energy resource instead of coal, which typically has been used in the past. Conversely, some of the differences between these two countries is that since in Ethiopia, the GDI is .393 one may suppose that women are not treated as equals nor being treated with respect. An advantage to women living in India is the ability to have the opportunity to earn an education and enter the work force. While women are not 50% of the work force in India they are treated better than women in Ethiopia. There is also a large difference in infant mortality rates and life expectancy. The average life expectancy rate in Ethiopia is about fifty years of age, whereas in India, the life expectancy is about twenty years more. Lastly, the HDI numbers are very different showing that in general the two countries are on different levels of development. As mentioned before the HDI is 0.406 and India HDI is 0.619 meaning that in general India is more developed when comparing to Ethiopia. Ethiopia has greater problems such as meeting basic needs and survival. India is able to focus more on pollution issues, economic development, and education systems throughout the country. In summation, while India lags as a developed country in relation to Spain and the United Kingdom, it presents itself as a well developed country when in comparison to Ethiopia.