United+Kingdom-+Matt+Honeychuck

**Development**

 * HDI Rank-** #18 .946


 * GDP-** $31,800 per capita


 * Primary Sector Jobs-** coal mining, dairy farming, fishing, oil drilling, natural gas harvesting


 * Secondary Sector Jobs-** shipbuilding, steel worker, textiles, pharmaceuticals, car manufacturers


 * Tertiary Sector Jobs** - stock broker, insurance agent, banker, tourist agent, teacher


 * Raw Materials** - coal, petroleum, natural gas, iron ore, lead, zinc, gold, tin


 * Consumer Goods** - cell phones, designer clothing, computers, mp3 players, video-game consoles, cars, jewelry, televisions, radios,


 * Education-** Literacy rate is normal for developed countries. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development ranks the UK education as 14th best in the world. Education is mandatory for citizens ages 5-16. Most children attend public schools but a growing minority attend private institutions (7% of all students). Some of the world’s top universities are located in England such as Cambridge, Oxford, and London.


 * Literacy Rate-** 99%


 * Life Expectancy-** 78.7 years


 * Infant Mortality Rate** - 5.01 deaths / 1000 live births


 * Natural Increase Rate-** .0275%


 * Crude Birth Rate** - 10.67 births / 1000 population


 * GDI Rank and the factors that influence the ranking**- #10 .944 Women make up approximately half of the workforce but only a minority hold senior positions in both private and public corporations (10% of these positions are held by women). Research suggests complete gender equality will not be attained for at least 200 more years. The gender pay gap in England has been reduced to 17.4% in 2007 (women make 17.4% less than men).

**Industry**

 * Types of industry found in the country-** machine tools, electric power electronic, automation equipment, railroad equipment, shipbuilding, aircraft, motor vehicles anaparts, electronics and communication


 * Site factors for industry** - EU migrant workers from all over Europe

access to the Atlantic ocean access to the English Channel London, England a huge city and huge market proximity to vast markets in Europe and somewhat North Africa
 * Situational factors for industry** - railroads connect basically the whole country

**Resources**
UK is close to using up the natural gas and oil reserves on and around the island. UK is increasingly dependent on imported energy sources for power. Struggling to convert to renewable energy sources- plan to produce 20% of its energy from renewable sources by 2020. Have a lot of coal, but the pollution caused by burning coal is something the government wants to severely restrict.
 * Types of energy used by the country-** In order of amount used: natural gas, oil, coal, nuclear, hydro-electric
 * Problems associated with energy in the country** -


 * Pollution issues** - Smog is a major problem in London and other cities. Water pollution is also a problem. Oil is spilled, pesticides runoff from farmer's fields and sewage is pumped directly into rivers. Polluted water then evaporates and causes harmful acid rain.


 * What your country is doing to stave off pollution-** Clean Air Acts to prevent toxins such as sulphur dioxide and smoke from getting into the air. Government has set up more sewage treatment plants and imported American water treatment technology, as well as fined companies that pollute water. Efforts have been

WORKS CITED HDI info http://www.womenandequalityunit.gov.uk/women_work/pay.htm#1 http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/4582878.stm

Statistics https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/uk.html

Education, Industry, Jobs http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_kingdom

Pollution http://www.ace.mmu.ac.uk/eae/Air_Quality/Older/UK_Air_Pollution.html http://www.american.edu/TED/ukwater.htm

Comparisons/Contrasts
1) The United Kingdom has very few similarities to Ethiopia. The only characteristics that the two countries share are similar primary jobs (mining, agriculture, fishing) and the similar resource of natural gas. Other than that, however, the United Kingdom and Ethiopia are worlds apart. First of all, there are huge differences in almost all of the development statistics. Ethiopia's HDI score is .406 as opposed to the U.K.'s .946. Large gaps can also be found when comparing literacy rates (42.7% vs. 99%), life expectancies (49.23 vs.78.7) and infant mortality rates (91.92 vs. 5.01) for Ethiopia and the United Kingdom respectively. In addition, the United Kingdom's industry is much more technologically oriented, with major industries including machine tools, aircraft production, and electronics and communications. The big industries in Ethiopia are more agricultural such as textiles and cotton, wool, and coffee. The United Kingdom is also an island nation while Ethiopia is landlocked, making shipping products by sea much more difficult. Finally, the two countries have very different sources for energy. The few Ethiopians that have power rely on hydro-electricity. Because they are so poor, the rest of the population burns wood, straw, and even dung for energy. Conversely, Britons use a combination of coal, oil, natural gas, and nuclear power for energy. Also, this energy is widely available for the masses.

2) As opposed to Ethiopia, Germany is very similar to the United Kingdom. The two have very similar economies. The Gross Domestic Product per capita is high in both countries, Germany's being $34,400 and the U.K.'s being $31,800. The two countries also share many tertiary jobs such as teachers and jobs in law and politics. Popular consumer goods are also pretty much the same between countries including cell phones, cars, computers, and designer clothing. Also, the have the exact same literary rate at 99%. As far as industry goes, both Germany and the U.K. share the important site factor of European Union workers. Both countries also have railroads connecting their interiors and access to water for overseas shipping. In addition, Germany and the U.K. use the same types of energy (coal, oil, natural gas, nuclear) for power, but one difference between them is that while the most significant source in the U.K. is natural gas, the most widely used source used in Germany is oil. However, both countries are forced to import most of their energy resources. Finally, Germany and the U.K. also share water pollution problems and negative environmental effects from acid rain. Some slight differences between the U.K. and Germany can be found in the development section. The infant mortality rate in Germany is almost one less than it is in the United Kingdom. Also, Germany's natural increase is actually negative (-0.03%), meaning its population is actually decreasing slightly. The United Kingdom's natural increase rate, although small, is still increasing (.0275%).

3) The United Kingdom and India have some things in common and many differences. The things they have in common have mostly to do with industry and resources. Both countries have electronics and transportation industries. They also have similar industrial situation factors such as numerous railroads and direct access to water for overseas trade. The United Kingdom and India also both rely on coal for a significant part of their energy sources, although the U.K. has taken measures to reduce dependency on coal because of the pollution it causes. Pollution is also a similarity between countries as both India and the U.K. have problems with pesticide runoff and air pollution in populated areas. A final similarity between the two countries is that they have similar primary jobs in agriculture, mining, and fishing. Despite some of these similarities, as far as development is concerned, the two countries are very different. The U.K. is much better off than India. For instance, the U.K.'s HDI is .946 while India's is .619. There is also a huge gap in the per capita GDP ($31,800 vs $2,700), suggesting that the common people are much poorer in India than in the United Kingdom. India also has a lower literacy rate and life expectancy but a much larger infant mortality rate, crude birth rate and natural increase rate. A final glaring difference between the two countries is the status of women. In the United Kingdom, women have achieved almost equal status to men. They now hold power positions and the pay gap between men and women is decreasing. In contrast, women in India are very much inferior to men. They hold very few power positions and many are even illiterate because they were not allowed to attend school.

Overall, as of today, the United Kingdom is in pretty good shape. British citizens are relatively wealthy with an GDP per capita of over $30,000. They clearly have money to spend on non-essential products because some of the top consumer goods include televisions, cell phones, computers, and designer clothing. Although the United Kingdom does not have as many natural resources as some countries, they have the money to import oil and other necessary resources. The English people are very well educated. All children are required to attend at least ten years of schooling and there are very prestigious colleges where students may seek higher education if they desire. The U.K.'s population is healthy and still increasing slightly. The life expectancy is 78 years with infant mortality rates at nice low amount of just above 5. Women are closer than ever to becoming equal in status to men. They have the right to vote and hold office and now hold more power positions in corporations than ever before. The United Kingdom's industries are strong thanks to an abundance of workers from the EU as well as maritime trade abilities. For now (see next paragraph), the U.K. has sufficient resources through mining, nuclear technology, importing to power the country. Pollution is probably the biggest problem the country has at this moment because contaminating water harms the country's already (relatively) small fresh water supply (because it is an island). Smog in cities also causes minor health problems in cities and creates acid rain that harms the ecosystem.

of In the future, I think the United Kingdom will remain at relatively the same state. However, it will need to make one important change in order to maintain this level. The U.K. will need to decrease its dependence on foreign resources, most likely through the developmentrenewable resources. With the costs of oil and other fossil fuels rising because they are being depleted, the United Kingdom will need to search for cheaper or more cost effective ways to create power. Additionally, the transition to renewable resources with help to stave off air pollution by removing the waste put into the air by burning fossil fuels. Other than this major, major change, the U.K.'s future looks bright. The country will continue to import workers from the European Union open borders agreement. This will fill jobs, improve productivity, and also keep the population from decreasing. There is nothing to indicate a change that will cause major health concerns that would affect life expectancy and/or infant mortality rate. If anything, these categories will continue to improve because of advances in modern medicine. Similarly, there is nothing to indicate a change in public education, so citizens should continue to be well educated, and the 99% literacy rate should remain standard. Overall, the only major change that will likely occur in Britain's future is an attempted switch between renewable and nonrenewable resources.