Spain-nikkicanon

AP Human Geography Name: Nikki Canon- Spain Unit 6: Country’s Development Analysis

__HDI Rank:__ 13th, .949 __GDP__: $33,700 per capita __Primary Sector Jobs__: agriculture (farming), mining, natural gas production, oil production, fishing __Secondary Sector Jobs__: metal manufacturing, textiles and apparel, shipbuilding, electricity production, manufacturing chemicals. __Tertiary Sector Jobs__: tourism related jobs, selling pharmaceuticals, selling medical equipment, doctors, lawyers __Raw Materials__: coal, lignite, iron ore, copper, lead, zinc, uranium, tungsten, mercury, pyrites, magnesite, fluorspar, gypsum, sepiolite, kaolin, potash, hydropower, arable land __Consumer Goods__: clothing (fashion), cell phones, computers, furniture, music related products __Education:__ Education in Spain has improved greatly within the last 20 years. Students attend primary education from the ages of 6-12. Then they attend secondary education from the ages of 12-16. Further education is optional. Spain has 59 universities, including many catholic institutions. __Literacy__: total population: 97.9% __Life Expectancy__: total population: 79.78 years; male: 76.46 years; female: 83.32 years (2007 est.) __Infant Mortality Rate__: 4.31 deaths/1,000 live births __Natural Increase Rate:__ 0.116% __Crude Birth Rate:__ 9.98 births/1,000 population GDI Rank and the factors that influence the ranking (written description of the treatment of women and the GDI ranking. Include stats stats on pertinent issues like education, jobs, etc.)
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__Types of industry found in the country:__ textiles and apparel (including footwear), food and beverages, metals and metal manufactures, chemicals, shipbuilding, automobiles, machine tools, tourism, clay and refractory products, footwear, pharmaceuticals, medical equipment __Site factors for industry:__ 1. Land prices in Spain remain relatively low compared to the rest of Europe. 2.The land in Spain is also excellent for agricultural uses 3.Spain is the biggest agricultural state in Europe. 4.Labor in Spain is readily available due to high amounts of illegal immigrants from Romania and northern Africa. __Situational factors for industry:__ 1. Spain has close access to many European countries (many potential markets) 2. Access to mediterranean sea 3. access to africa 5. access to atlantic ocean
 * Industry**

__Types of energy used by the country:__ Spain is Europe’s fifth largest electricity market. Fossil fuels account for 56.8%, hydropower 12.5%, nuclear power 27.8%, and other sources 2.9%. __Problems associated with energy in the country__: Air Pollution has been increasing inSpain due to the burning of fossil fuels as an energy source. __Pollution issues:__ There is a high percentage of water pollution in Spain due to the disposal of raw sewage and the disposal of waste from offshore production of oil and gas. Not only is there and issue with water quality, but water quantity as well. In addition to water pollution, air pollution is also a concern. __What your country is doing to stave off pollution:__ The Air Pollution Plan (Plan de Emisiones Contaminantes)- all industrial and energy plants will be assigned a fixed limit to the amount of polluting gases they are allowed to release into the atmosphere. Spanish companies who fail to stick to the limits set down by the Plan will have to pay fines of up to 2 million euros and will risk forced closure for up to two years.
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When comparing the two countries of Spain and Israel, there are both many similarities and many differences.One similarity between the two countries is that both possess many of the same raw materials including copper ore, natural gas, and magnesium. A second similarity is that both have the same types of (more modern) consumer goods including fashion and cosmetics, appliances, and electronics. Both countries also share a similar educational system in which their pupils attend school from the ages of 6 to 16. Despite these many similarities, there are also many differences. One difference is seen in their HDI ranking; Spain is ranked 13th with a scor of .949, while Israel is ranked 23rd with a score of .932. Another significant difference between the two countries is their crude birth rates; Spain has a rate of 9.98 births/1,000 people versus Israel who has a rate of 17.71 births/1,000 people. However, perhaps the most significant difference between the two countries is shown in their natural increase rates; Spain has a natural increase rate of .116%, while Israel has a natural increase rate of 1.154%. This shows that Israel has a rapidly growing population while Spain has next to no growth at all.
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There are also many similarities and differences between the two countries of Spain and Argentina. One similarity is that both countries have nearly the same literacy rate (97.9% and 97.2%, respectively). Another important similarity between these two countries is that they are both heavily dedicated to agriculture. Despite these few similarities, these two countries are more different than they are alike. One huge difference is displayed in their differing GDP per capita rates; Spain earns $33,700 while Argentina only earns $13,000. Another difference can be seen in their consumer goods. While Spain consumes more modern products (including fashion, appliances, and electronics) Argentina still spends the majority of their money on daily necessities (including corn, wheat, machinery, and cleaning supplies). A final differentiating factor between the two countries are their infant mortality rates; Spain has an infant mortality rate of 4.31 births/1,000 births while Argentina has 14.29 births/1,000 births.

The country that appears to be the most like Spain is Italy. Both countries have many of the same raw materials including oil, natural gas, coal, and potash. Both countries also have about the same life expectancy (Italy is about 79.94, while Spain is about 79.78). Both countries also possess the same types of industries including fashion, chemical production, tourism, and metal manufacturing. However, despite the seemingly endless list of similarities, there are still a few differences. One difference is that accoridng to the HDI, Spain is ranked 13th with a scor of .949 while Italy is ranked 20th with a score of .941. Spain also has a higher GDP per capita than Italy ($33,700 versus $28,529, respectively). A final difference is that Italy has a higher literacy rate than Spain (98.4% versus 97.9%, respecitvely).

Overall, Spain is currently in great standing in comparison with the rest of the world. First of all, their HDI ranking is 13th, and the United States is 12th, so it shows that Spain is not all that far behind the United States. Spain also has a stable economy to be the foundations for its success as a nation. Not only do does Spain have a higher GDP per capita than many countries in the world ($33,700), Spain is the largest agriculutural state in Europe. Therefore, since agricultural products are in constant demand, Spain will have a consistent source of profit from exporting goods to other nations. The population of Spain does not have many issues ; they have a low increase rate (.116%) and a low crude birth rate (9.98/1,000) which shows that Spain's population will not outgrow it's ability to keep its citizens fed, employed, and educated (which are three factors that lead to even more success as a country).

Due to Spain's stable economy and unwavering population, Spain only has room to grow even more and more powerful as a nation within the next fifty years. Spain has made huge leaps and bounds in both its educational system and its treatment of women within the past 20 years. With the increasing knowledge and use of technology, both of these statistics (and most statistics in general) will continue to improve in the future. And Spain's economy will also continue to improve as the demand for agricultural products and fuel sources increase with the increasing population of the rest of the world. In 50 years, the natural resources and raw goos of Spain will prove to be in high demand. If Spain can progress to become one of the most influential states in Europe in only 20 years, it will grow even more powerful in 50.

1. information about energy use in Spain- http://www.nationsencyclopedia.com/Europe/Spain-ENERGY-AND-POWER.html2. about pollution http://www.euroresidentes.com/Blogs/2004/07/measures-to-tackle-air-pollution-in.htm 3. general statistics https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/sp.html 4. industry http://www.phrasebase.com/english/countries/index.php?action=rankorder&cat=0&counter=20&variable=fin_industries&submit=Go 5. education http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Education_in_Spain
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